Winter Camping Gear Checklist
Guide to Winter Camping Gear for Cold Weather Trips
February 1st, 2024
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When the temperatures outside dip and snow blankets the ground, you may be tempted to stash your tent and sleeping bag in the closet until spring arrives. But you’d be missing out on one of the most peaceful and beautiful seasons to sleep outside.
It’s true: Winter camping can leave you cold, wet, and missing your cozy bed at home if you don’t pack appropriately. After my first night in a tent pitched on snow, I woke up cold, wet, and teary-eyed. Now, I love any opportunity to get out, even in the dead of winter. With the right gear, winter camping can be a fun way to explore the outdoors in a new way. For many outdoor activities, the right gear can make for a better time. That could not be more true with winter camping. Of course, winter skills and the right attitude is important, too. For more info, see our How to get started winter camping, How to get started backcountry skiing, and our Avalanche Safety Checklist.
This essential gear list has been compiled based on over a decade’s worth of experience, from guiding mountaineering trips in Alaska to traveling through and camping in the mountains of Colorado, often in temperatures well below freezing. If you want to learn to love winter camping, start first with good gear that will keep you warm, dry, safe, and happy.
CHECKLIST
| CATEGORY | WHAT WE LIKE | |
|---|---|---|
| CLOTHING | ||
| BASELAYER | ||
| Ibex Woolies 2 (men's) | ||
| Ibex Woolies 2 (women's) | ||
| Ibex Woolies 2 Bottoms (men's) |
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Using the Hyperlite Prism backpack for an overnight ski trip in Colorado. Courtesy Stasia Stockwell
Why having the right winter camping gear is important
Having the appropriate gear for winter camping can make all the difference not only in safety but also comfort and enjoyment at camp. It’s crucial to stay warm and dry, and the right gear goes a long way.
There are certain gear items that are simply must-haves if you want to get out in the snow and cold, like a warm sleeping bag, highly-insulated jacket, and safety gear. Unfortunately, there’s no getting around the fact that a lot of the best gear for winter camping is expensive.
Still, there are ways that you can minimize cost in order to get into a winter adventure on a budget.
We recommend the ideal items below for winter camping, but you can often use what you already have. Summer base layers can often work well in winter, too, as long as they’re long sleeves. Instead of splurging on a highly insulated inflatable sleeping pad, layer your summer pad with an additional low cost foam pad for additional warmth. If you’ve already got a good winter coat or ski jacket, consider using that if it’s light and packable enough for the adventure you’re taking on.
Don't forget that you can always rent winter camping gear or opt for used gear. We have a whole article on how to choose the quality used gear and places to purchase used gear.
And remember, that not all of the gear on this list is necessary for every winter camping adventure. If you’re truly mountaineering or backcountry skiing, then items like crampons and skis can’t be left off the packing list. But if your goal is simply to spend a few nights outside in the winter, then much of the technical gear is not necessary.
Consider the conditions you’ll be out in, and from there judge what gear you already have may be suitable in order to make your adventures more affordable. If a piece of gear will only minorly affect your comfort and convenience at camp, then it’s probably not necessary to spend money on purchasing or upgrading.
But, if there’s a piece of gear you don’t have that could greatly impact your safety (warm gloves to avoid frostbite, or a tent that can withstand whatever weather you may encounter), consider renting, borrowing, or purchasing what is essential.
Testing the Norrona Lofoten Gore-Tex shell in below 0F wind chill. By Jon Stockwell
Clothing
Layering system
Having the right layering system is an essential foundation of staying both warm and dry in the winter, especially if you’re sleeping outside. Choose technical layers that insulate well, wick moisture, dry quickly, and offer weather protection. For winter camping adventures, avoid cotton. While it may be cozy at home, it gets wet easily, does not dry quickly, and will stay cold once it’s damp.
What to look for: A good base layer should be cozy and comfortable while maintaining sweat-wicking and quick-drying properties. Especially for winter, wool is an excellent option. It’s warm (and stays that way when wet), wicks sweat while helping to thermoregulate, and it’s odor-resistant. If wool base layers aren’t already in your closet, often long-sleeve synthetic base layers that you might use in other seasons will work just as well. Just look for wicking materials and avoid cotton.
Our choice: Ibex Woolies 2 (men's and women's)
What we liked: Warm, comfortable, great quality
What we didn't like: Not as technical for high-output activities
For cold winter days and nights at camp, a thick layer of wool next to your skin will do wonders to help keep you warm. The Woolies 2 base layers (which won the award for our favorite merino base layers) are just that: 100% merino wool that’s soft and durable. The crew and bottoms (men's and women's) have a slim fit, but they’re not overly technical, making them comfortable even when lounging around the fire or in your snow cave. The 240-gram weight merino makes these layers a little thicker than other synthetic or more technical options, which is ideal for cold temperatures. You can read our full review of the bottoms in our upcoming best thermal underwear and long johns guide.
What to look for: A good midlayer for winter should be warm, versatile, and breathable. It goes over your base layers but under an insulating layer or shell to add extra warmth. Look for insulating materials like fleece or wool and features like a slim hood for extra warmth and functional pockets. Because legs generally stay warmer from movement than your core, a midlayer bottom is usually not necessary.
Our choice: Patagonia R1 Air Full-Zip Hoody (men's and women's)
What we liked: Soft, breathable, dries quickly
What we didn't like: Chest pocket could be bigger
The Patagonia R1 hoody is both supremely soft and technical at the same time. While it may look casual, this fleece insulates while breathing incredibly well, even during higher-intensity activities. It has a snug hood that can fit comfortably under a climbing or ski helmet, along with two handwarmer pockets and a zippered chest pocket. There’s a reason why this hoody is also the overall winner in our review of the best fleece jackets.
What to look for: When it comes to winter camping, there are some gear items you don’t want to skimp on. Your insulating layer is one of them. Opt for a high-loft puffy; hydrophobic down provides the ideal combo of warmth, packability, lightweight, and moisture resistance. A warm pair of puffy pants can also go a long way in keeping you warm while lounging at camp, like the Mountain Hardwear Stretchdown Pants (men's and women's). Your insulating layers will be used most often when your lounging at camp and less so when you’re out moving on the trail.
Our choice: Rab Positron Pro (men's and women's)
What we liked: Baffle construction maximizes loft, hood is both helmet-compatible and stowable
What we didn't like: Not the lightest option
One look at the Rab Positron Pro and you can feel its warmth. Wide, boxy baffles allow for maximum loft from the down while a hydrophobic coating on the feathers helps it to retain that loft even in damp conditions. The hood can fit over a helmet, or be stowed away if you prefer to go without it. These are some of the main reasons it’s a winner and our favorite down jacket for extreme cold. A puffy like this is one of the key pieces of gear that will help make your winter camping trips memorable in a good way.
What to look for: If you want to stay warm in the winter, you’ve got to stay dry. A good hardshell is the primary piece of gear to help you do that. Look for a technical, fully wind and waterproof shell that also offers some level of breathability. Features like vents, a storm hood, and adjustable cuffs also help to keep winter weather on the outside.While often not as breathable, a rain shell can do the trick here as well if that’s all you have. Just be sure not to overheat and end up with sweat-soaked under layers. Along with a shell jacket, shell pants, like ski pants or rain pants are also very useful for keeping dry. See our Best Women's Ski Pants or Best Men's Ski Pants guides for more recommendations.
Our choice: Norrona Lofoten Gore-Tex Jacket (men's and women's)
What we liked: Technical, durable, versatile, and weatherproof
What we didn't like: Ski-specific features not necessary for everyone
The Norrona Lofoten Gore-Tex Jacket is technically a ski-specific shell, but it’s also an excellent option for whatever pursuits your winter camping adventure may bring, whether that’s snowshoeing, ski touring, or just relaxing at camp while fresh snow falls.
This Gore-Tex shell is a 3-layer hardshell that’s windproof, waterproof, and breathable. It has pit zips for venting, a removable powder skirt to keep snow out, a helmet-compatible storm hood, and multiple functional pockets. We tested this shell for our women’s ski jackets review and it won our award as the most versatile shell. We’ve tested it in weather with windchill values well into the negatives. It cuts the wind and sheds moisture like a pro.
Sleepwear and extra clothes
Depending on whether you’re backpacking or ski touring (where you must carry everything in) or camping (where you may have a car close by) and how much space and weight you have to spare, an extra set of base layers or different layers can be helpful to have, though not always necessary.
Footwear
Insulated boots
What to look for: For winter camping, you’ll want waterproof and insulated hiking boots that offer good traction in snowy conditions.
Our choice: Oboz Bridger 9” Insulated Waterproof (men's and women's)
What we liked: Great traction for snowy and icy conditions
What we didn't like: Runs small
The Oboz Bridger boots are designed to thrive in winter. With 200 grams of Thinsulate synthetic insulation, waterproof leather uppers, and winterized soles, they’ll be your feet’s best friend when you’re snow camping. We tested these for our review on the best women’s winter boots and loved the warmth and traction they offer. To learn more about this boot, check out our comprehensive review of the Oboz Bridger Insulated Hiking Boots.
Gaiters
What to look for: Gaiters are a crucial piece of gear for helping keep snow out of your boots and your feet warm and dry. For winter use, look for a waterproof option like Gore-Tex that has good, high coverage.
Our choice: Outdoor Research Crocodile Gore-Tex (men's and women's)
What we liked: Great weatherproofing and durability
What we didn't like: Somewhat stiff
The Outdoor Research Crocodile gaiters were built for harsh winter conditions. Made with a burly CORDURA nylon fabric and a waterproof Gore-Tex membrane, these gaiters are ideal for keeping your feet dry and happy while you’re out in the snow. The straps are easy to adjust and keep the gaiters secure and in place, even on long days of trudging through snow and ice.
Accessories
What to look for: Good gloves for cold weather should balance warmth with functionality and dexterity. Weatherproof materials like waterproof leather and Gore-Tex help to keep your hands protected from wind and moisture.
Our choice: Arc’teryx Fission SV
What we liked: Good dexterity and durability
What we didn't like: Sizing can be tricky
It’s often tricky to find winter gloves that are as warm as they are dexterous, but Arc’teryx has found the sweet spot with the Fission SV gloves. These gloves are meant for harsh, winter conditions. They’re constructed with durable leather, a weatherproof Gore-Tex membrane, and are stuffed with both Primaloft Gold and Silver insulation for maximum warmth. These gloves stood up to testing and are award winners in our review of the best winter gloves. Plus, if you’re more of a mitten person (and don’t mind the sacrifice of dexterity), the Fission SV also comes in a mitten version.
You can find more of our favorite cold weather gloves in our Best Winter Gloves guide.
Hat
What to look for: A good winter hat should be fairly uncomplicated: Warmth and good coverage are the primary factors to consider. Materials like merino wool are ideal for insulation and moisture management.
Our choice: Minus33 Expedition Beanie
What we liked: Thick, warm wool, good price for quality merino
What we didn't like: Bulky under a helmet (but still works)
The Minus33 Expedition beanie is made of 100% merino wool, and it’s their thickest, warmest offering. The wool is soft and high quality, and the shape and size of the beanie offers good coverage to keep the ears warm. Plus, it can be worn cuffed or slouchy, depending on your personal preference.
Scarf/neck gaiter
What to look for: When winter camping, you’ll want a layer of protection to keep your face warm. Most importantly, consider fabrics that are less likely to freeze, like fleece or merino wool, and avoid cotton.
Our choice: Buff Polar Neckwear
What we liked: Versatile, can be worn in multiple configurations
What we didn't like: not as odor-resistant as wool
This fleece Buff is ideal for cold weather conditions. The thick fabric is cozy and warm, thanks to PrimaLoft Bio insulation. Because of the thickness of this Buff and the wicking properties of the material, it’s less likely to freeze up when it inevitably encounters moisture. It can be worn in a variety of ways—around the neck for added insulation, over the face for protection from the elements, and even as a hat in a pinch. The fabric is also rated to UPF 50, meaning it will help to shield your face from the sun, which is especially important in the snow. Buff also makes merino wool options for neckwear, but they are not as thick as this one.
Sunglasses AND/or snow goggles
What to look for: Sunglasses are especially important in winter and snowy conditions to help protect from the sun’s glare on the snow as well as the direct exposure from above. Look for sunglasses with good UV protection and ample coverage.
Our choice: Smith Embark
What we liked: Good coverage, versatile, comfortable
What we didn't like: Expensive
Sunglasses might seem like a small and relatively unimportant item for winter adventures, but that could not be further from the truth. Protecting your eyes is crucial, especially in snowy places since the exposure to the sun’s rays is doubled up, thanks to the snow’s reflective qualities. The Smith Embark sunglasses offer the protection needed for traveling on snow and ice, while maintaining versatility, comfort, and excellent lens quality to boot. These sunnies have removable side shields for additional protection that still allow for venting to prevent fogging. They’re available with multiple lens options, including a photochromic option that adjusts based on light conditions.
Ski touring with the Hyperlite Prism pack for an overnight winter trip in Colorado. Courtesy Stasia Stockwell
Snow travel
Snowshoes
What to look for: If you’re not traveling on skis for your winter camping adventure, chances are you’ll need snowshoes. Look for a pair that balances stability, weight, traction, and durability.
Our choice: MSR Evo Trail
What we liked: Easy to use, durable, good value
What we didn't like: Not suited for super deep snow
The MSR Evo Trail snowshoes are the ideal companion for winter walks in the woods and getting around your winter camp. Rather than using a metal frame design like many snowshoes, these have one solid plastic frame that is all one continuous piece of material. That makes the Evo Trails easier to walk in and more comfortable to wear overall. The straps are fairly easy to step into and adjust, and the size of the shoes makes them versatile and agile enough for all but the deepest or steepest conditions. These snowshoes got our nod as the best overall option in our review of the best snowshoes.
Crampons
What to look for: While crampons are not always a necessary gear item for winter camping, if you plan to travel on steep snow or ice or glaciated terrain, you’ll need the traction of crampons. A good pair should have excellent grip without being overly heavy and while having a slim and secure fit.
Our choice: Kahtoola K 10
What we liked: Lightweight crampon that offers more traction than basic microspikes
What we didn't like: Not a true mountaineering crampon
Depending on where you want to set your winter camp, there’s a good chance you may need more than just the traction on your snow boots to get there. If you’ll be traversing across particularly icy sections, the Kahtoola K 10 crampons will give you the confidence needed to travel safely without the bulk and weight of full-on mountaineering crampons. As the name implies, the K 10 crampons have 10 spikes on each foot that are made of chromoly steel. We tested these crampons as a part of our review on the best winter traction devices and loved the combination of grip and lack of clunkiness.
Backcountry skis (with climbing skins)
What to look for: One great reason to pitch a tent in the snow is to access backcountry skiing nearby. Along with the necessary avalanche safety training and gear, you’ll need a pair of lightweight and capable skis to do that. Look for touring-specific skis that balance weight with performance.
Our choice: Atomic Backland 100 and Pomoca Climb Pro S-Glide skins
What we liked: Great weight to performance ratio
What we didn't like: Not as vibration-dampening as heavier skis
The ideal backcountry ski is light like a feather on the uphill but fun and stable on the down. This contradicting combination is hard to achieve, but Atomic has come very close to perfection with the Backland 100. This touring ski is popular for a reason: It’s light, especially for a ski of this width, fairly stiff, and floats well in soft snow. Pair it with the Backland bindings (best overall winner in our backcountry ski bindings review) and Pomoca Climb Pro S-Glide skins (best overall in our climbing skins review) for the ideal all-around setup.
Ski poles or trekking poles (with snow baskets)
What to look for: Whether you’re traveling to your winter camp in snow boots, snowshoes, or on skis, a good pair of poles will help you get there. Look for durable, aluminum poles that can be adjusted and have large powder baskets.
Our choice: Black Diamond Traverse
What we liked: Durable and versatile
What we didn't like: Not the lightest option
The Black Diamond Traverse ski poles are a durable aluminum pair of poles that are useful for more than just skiing, but they excel at that, of course.
The telescoping poles are adjustable, so you can have your poles at different lengths depending on the terrain you're traveling on or the specific activity.
Wide powder baskets are ideal for deep snow conditions and a secondary grip is nice for steep climbs.
After 10 years of use and hard wear on one pair of these poles, we can attest to their reliability and durability, and they’re our overall winner in our review of the best ski poles. If you're winter hiking, be sure to bring your trekking poles for hiking – just be sure to have snow baskets.
Ice axe
What to look for: If you’ll be traveling on steep snow or glaciated terrain, you’ll want an ice axe to help with balance and stability and to self arrest in the event of a fall. Look for a straight mountaineering axe with a sharp pick for this use. If you don’t already have experience with mountaineering, consider taking a course to learn basics like self arresting and how to properly use all the gear and travel safely.
Our choice: Black Diamond Raven
What we liked: Durable and reliable
What we didn't like: Not for vertical ice climbing
The Black Diamond Raven ice axe is a simple yet functional and durable tool for general mountaineering use.
The aluminum shaft is light and durable with a gentle, ergonomic curve. The axe pick, adze, and spike are made with stainless steel. Ice climbers will need more technical tools than this, but for most snow travelers, this is a practical and durable option that offers excellent value.
Ski Backpack
What to look for: For winter camping, you may want features in your pack that a 3-season model may not have. Consider a pack that’s water-resistant and has handy features like crampon storage, helmet carry, and ice axe carry options.
Our choice: Hyperlite Mountain Gear Prism
What we liked: Light, durable, good gear storage
What we didn't like: Velcro on lid can snag long hair, not for heavy packers
The Hyperlite Prism pack is designed for winter travel, and at 40 liters, it’s just large enough to be practical as an overnight pack. We tested it on winter camping and hut trips for skiing and found the space and pockets to be ample (it’s a winner in our best ski backpacks review). The pack is made of Dyneema, a fabric that is light, durable, and nearly waterproof. This is especially handy for winter when the pack is often rested in the snow. It has a front pocket for crampon storage, ice axe loops, a removable lid, and a couple of accessory pockets. It can also carry skis in an A-frame style if needed.
A Treeline tester backcountry skiing in Colorado with the Atomic Backland skis. By Stasia Stockwell
Avalanche safety gear
If you’re headed out on a winter adventure anywhere with mountains and steep slopes, understand that there is potential for you to encounter avalanche terrain. Before venturing anywhere near avalanche terrain, it’s important to have the proper safety gear, know how to use that gear, and know how to navigate safely based on the conditions. Take a course on avalanche safety and always be sure to check the weather and local avalanche forecasts before heading out on an adventure. As mentioned above, we can't stress enough the importance of learning avalanche skills and gaining experience.
To figure out where to start, our articles A Beginner's guide to backcountry skiing and our Avalanche Safety Checklist explain what skills to learn, what classes to take, and where you can find a course near you.
Avalanche beacon
What to look for: If you’re traveling anywhere near or into avalanche terrain, it’s crucial to have the proper training and gear. Look for a beacon that has a good range, fast processing time, and user-friendly features that make searching simple and efficient.
Our choice: Black Diamond Guide BT
What we liked: Excellent user-friendly features
What we didn't like: On the expensive and heavy side
The Black Diamond Guide BT beacon is a highly-functional beacon with excellent features that comes in an intuitive and easy-to-use package. With a search range of 60 meters, a battery life of up to 400 hours, and a fast and accurate processor, this beacon is an excellent option for new users and seasoned pros alike. The flagging function for multiple burials is easy to use, and the bluetooth connectivity allows users to connect to an app for software updates and training purposes. This beacon won our best overall award in our avalanche beacons review.
Avalanche probe
What to look for: An avalanche probe is an essential piece of safety gear. It should be easy to assemble and long enough for the depth of the snowpack you’re in.
Our choice: Ortovox Alu 320+ PFA
What we liked: Easy to deploy, wide diameter gives stability
What we didn't like: Not super light
The Ortovox Alu 320+ PFA probe is an excellent choice for backcountry skiers thanks to the wide diameter, which makes the probe stable and responsive and the ease of use. The probe is intuitive and easy to deploy, with a bright orange handle that can be easily grabbed with gloves on. Additionally, the 320 centimeter length makes it ideal for use in deeper snowpacks.
Avalanche shovel
What to look for: A good avalanche shovel should have a large blade and collapsible handle that make it both packable and able to move snow easily.
Our choice: Black Diamond Evac 7
What we liked: Large, durable blade, handle with hoe mode
What we didn't like: Not the lightest option
This shovel has a good balance of features paired with packability. It’s not the lightest option on the market, but the large blade can move a lot of snow. The handle can be used in a regular configuration, or switched to a perpendicular hoe mode for even more efficient snow removal. The shovel handle collapses and detaches from the blade for easy storage in a backpack.
Slope meter
What to look for: A slope meter can help indicate the steepness of a given slope, and therefore how prone it could be to avalanching. Look for one that is simple and reliable.
Our choice: BCA Slope Meter
What we liked: Simple, functional, affordable
What we didn't like: Not a fool-proof way of avoiding avalanche terrain
One tool that can be very helpful in assessing terrain is a slope meter. This is a device that measures the angle of a slope to help determine how likely it is to avalanche. The BCA Slope Meter is simple and intuitive. It is an inclinometer, and it also has a small compass to help determine aspect and navigate if necessary. Keep in mind that there are many factors that go into assessing avalanche danger and that measuring slope angle is just one way to gather information. It’s always best to leave plenty of margin for error when assessing slope angles in the backcountry.
Snow saw
What to look for: Snow saws are useful tools when analyzing the snowpack in a snow pit. This is only necessary to carry if you’ll be digging snow pits and performing stability tests. If that’s the case, look for a saw with measurements on the blade for more accurate data.
Our choice: BCA 35 cm Snow Saw
What we liked: Functional and affordable option for most users
What we didn't like: Not as feature-rich as more expensive saws
The BCA Snow Saw is a simple and functional option that is more than enough for most recreational users. It has a 35 centimeter blade with marks every 5 centimeters for easy measurement when performing snow stability tests. Additionally, it’s fairly light and packable while remaining affordable.
Snow camping on a mountaineering trip near Haines, AK. By Stasia Stockwell
Shelter and sleeping
4-Season tents
What to look for: For most winter camping, a double-wall tent with good stability is ideal.
Our choice: Mountain Hardwear Trango 2
What we liked: Sturdy in bad weather, durable
What we didn't like: Heavy
As one Treeline reviewer put it in our best 4-season tent review, “Some pieces of gear truly stand the test of time, and the Mountain Hardwear Trango 2 is one of them.” This burly, double-wall, 4-season tent is built to handle the elements; snow, cold, and ripping wind are no match for this shelter. The double wall design offers warmth and protection while managing moisture build-up well. One larger front vestibule and a small rear vestibule offer a safe space to store extra gear, and a dry spot to layer up or down before getting in or out of the tent.
Sleeping bags
What to look for: A good sleeping bag for winter camping should, above all, be warm. You’ll also want something packable and light that has a DWR treatment to help shed condensation build-up.
Our choice: Mountain Hardwear Phantom 0F
What we liked: Lofty and warm, durable, light
What we didn't like: Not hydrophobic down
The Mountain Hardwear Phantom 0F sleeping bag is rated for cold temperatures and it stands up to that rating well. With 850 fill-power responsible down, it’s lofty and cozy at camp. And for the warmth it offers, it actually packs down quite small and weighs under 2 pounds—good for a true winter bag. We’ve used the Phantom on guiding trips on glaciers in Alaska and Washington, as well as on many cold pre-ski nights camping in Colorado and other parts of the Rockies, and it has proved itself durable and reliable for any cold night spent sleeping in the snow.
Insulated sleeping pads
What to look for: You’ll want to skip the lightweight summer sleeping pad and opt for something insulated for winter camping. One of the primary ways to stay warm when camping on snow and cold surfaces is to insulate yourself well from the ground. Look for a pad with high R-values and good warmth-to-weight ratios. Another option for adding warmth to your sleep system is to layer your summer sleeping pad with an additional closed-cell foam pad underneath. These are much more affordable than a whole new insulated inflatable pad and can still greatly increase R value overall.
Our choice: Thermarest NeoAir XTherm NXT
What we liked: Excellent warmth-to-weight ratio
What we didn't like: Expensive
The highly-insulated Thermarest NeoAir XTherm NXT sleeping pad offers one of the best warmth-to-weight ratios in the game, and is one of our award winners in our review of the best backpacking sleeping pads. It has an R-value of 7.3 and a claimed temperature rating of down to -40F, all while packing down to the size of a Nalgene bottle and weighing about one pound.
Because of how warm this sleeping pad is, you could potentially skip the extra closed-cell foam sleeping pad that’s often required for enough warmth when camping in the winter, making your load lighter. However, if you’re a cold sleeper or camping in particularly harsh conditions, we’d still recommend doubling up with something like a Thermarest Z-Lite underneath for ample insulation from the cold ground and a great night of sleep.
Headlamp
What to look for: A headlamp is essential for camping in the dark and cold months of winter. You’ll want something with good battery life that is able to withstand cold temperatures.
Our choice: Black Diamond Spot 400
What we liked: Good battery life, waterproof, durable
What we didn't like: Not as light as other options
With a battery life of up to nearly 200 hours on low, the Spot 400 headlamp is a great option for winter camping, where short days and long, cold nights are a given. This headlamp uses 3 AAA batteries (lithium is best for cold weather), has a beam that illuminates well, and is waterproof—all things that are crucial for gear that’s going to be out in the snow. Replaceable rather than rechargeable batteries might be a little heavier, but as long as you have backup batteries this can often be the more reliable option for cold winter conditions. The headlamp is also comfortable to wear and intuitive to use, with buttons that are simple and easy to push even with warm gloves on. It has proven durability from testing and is an award winner in our review of the best headlamps.
Optional shelter gear
Whether or not you pack a camp pillow is up to personal preference. For some, it’s not worth the weight. But if it makes a major difference in your sleep quality, then it’s probably worth packing. We recommend the Therm-A-Rest Air Head Down for an insulated option.
Sleeping bag liner
If you’re a cold sleeper, or if your bag toes the line of being warm enough for temperatures and conditions on a given trip, a sleeping bag liner can offer some additional warmth and comfort.
Tent footprint
Tent footprints are often most useful for camping on rough surfaces, and snow typically provides a good platform, negating the need for this. But, if you may be pitching your tent in a rocky or rough area, consider packing a footprint to protect the floor of your tent.
Because the nights are longer and colder when camping in winter, a small camping lantern is often worth the weight and space to pack into camp. We offer lantern recommendations in our Best Camping Lanterns and Lights guide.
Cooking
Integrated Stoves suitable for winter camping
What to look for: For cold weather camping, consider skipping your ultralight stove and instead bringing along something burlier with wind protection and insulation.
Our choice: MSR Windburner
What we liked: Extremely windproof, functions well in cold and harsh conditions
What we didn't like: Heavy
The MSR Windburner stove is a burly, powerful stove that excels in harsh weather. The large burner heats quickly and works, even when the wind rips and the snow is falling. A pressure regulator also helps this stove to perform well at high altitudes. The Windburner comes with an insulated pot that integrates with the stove, so you have your whole cook system here.
Winter camping often means melting snow and boiling lots of water, and this stove does that easily and efficiently. Plus, it comes in a larger option, the Duo (a winner in our best backpacking stoves review), if you’ll be out with a group. To top it off, MSR stoves have proven durability and a good warranty. So while this stove is a little expensive, we think it’s worth it for winter backpacking and camping adventures. Venturing into more extreme conditions? You may want to consider the MSR Reactor, which you can learn more about here.
Fuel
What to look for: Fuel that is compatible with your stove and that functions in the cold is essential for winter camping.
Our choice: MSR Isopro
What we liked: Simple and light
What we didn't like: Not refillable
The MSR Isopro canisters integrate with the Windburner stove seamlessly and work well with many other stoves on the market, too. It is a simple and reliable fuel source that is both fairly light and packable and suitable for winter use.
Thermos and insulated bowl
One of the best parts of the day when winter camping is settling down at camp for a hot meal. But that comfort can be quickly taken away if you don’t have insulated dishes to eat out of. If you’re eating pre-packaged dehydrated meals, bring along an insulated sleeve for your food pouch. If you’re cooking, have an insulated dish—one with a lid is even better. And, don’t forget an insulated mug or thermos; it’s well worth the weight for hot drinks on cold nights.
Cooking utensils
Lightweight spatula, spoon, and tongs
If you’ll be doing more than just boiling water at camp, ensure that you have all the utensils necessary to cook and eat the meals you have planned.
Multi-tool with cooking functions
Some multi-tools have more than just screwdrivers and also include small cooking utensils, which can be helpful for saving weight and space in your pack.
Food and water
Easy-to-prepare foods and drinks
Dehydrated meals
There’s really no getting around the fact that camping in winter means more gear, more layers, and ultimately a heavier pack. Eating dehydrated or freeze-dried meals is a great way to help save some weight and space while also stocking up on calories to keep you warm—you’ll want to carry more calories in winter than you would in warmer seasons.
Snacks for energy
It’s never fun to skimp on snacks, especially in the cold. Bring plenty of high-calorie snacks to help keep up energy and stay warm at camp.
Coffee, tea, hot chocolate, and electrolytes
Having hot drinks at camp is arguably one of the best parts of winter camping. It’s well worth packing your favorites, whether that’s a rich hot chocolate or even a hot electrolyte drink. You can opt for easy and lightweight instant coffee or bring a portable camping coffee device for pour over or french press in the backcountry.
Not only is it simply enjoyable to sip on something hot, it’ll also help keep you hydrated and warm. Drinking warm beverages before venturing out is a tip on how to stay hydrated in our How to Run in Winter guide and applies to hiking, snowshoeing, and skiing, too.
Animal-resistant food storage
Even in winter, it’s important to keep your food out of the reach of critters. Know whether bear canisters are required in the area you’re camping in and use them when necessary, or use a critter-proof sack or adequate bear hang to keep your food safe.
Water filters and purifiers
What to look for: Water purification can be tricky in winter since typical filters cannot freeze in order to be functional. Look for a filtration or purification option that can withstand freezing temperatures
Our choice: Steripen Ultra UV Water Purifier
What we liked: Battery-powered purifier can be used in cold weather
What we didn't like: Heavy, does not filter particulate
Traditional water filters for camping and backpacking are tried and true options, but they have one crutch: The fibers in the filter cannot freeze, or they expand and lose their ability to filter properly. You can use one of these, but you have to be incredibly diligent about keeping it warm in your sleeping bag and when packed in your pack.
Another good option is to simply boil water, but that requires additional fuel. If you want to purify water while winter camping without having to boil, a UV purifier like the Steripen Ultra is one of the best options. If you’re curious about other water purifying options, check out our guide to the Best Backpacking Water Filters and Purifiers.
Insulated water bottles (or reservoirs)
What to look for: Insulated water bottles or reservoirs can be helpful when camping in the cold. Look for ones that balance functionality and insulation with a reasonable weight. These bottles are useful for keeping hot drinks hot, but often regular bottles, like Nalgenes (winner of our Best Water Bottles for Hiking), are plenty suitable as long as you keep them somewhat insulated in your pack or tent at night. But, especially if you plan to boil water for purification, be sure that whatever vessels you have are able to handle hot liquid.
Our choice: HyrdoFlask Lightweight Wide-Mouth Trail Series bottle
What we liked: Lighter than most other insulated options, able to carry hot liquids
What we didn't like: Still heavy for backpacking use
The HydroFlask Trail Series bottles are a lighter take on their classic stainless insulated bottles. The advantage of a bottle like this is that it’s able to carry hot liquids and keep them warm, which is often less of a luxury and more of an essential when winter camping. The downside is that this bottle is still relatively heavy. Insulated reservoirs offer a lighter insulated option, but they are not as resistant to cold and tend to still freeze when the temps really drop. So, if you want reliably hot liquids at camp, opt for this insulated bottle; it’ll likely be worth the weight sacrifice.
Navigation
Map
No matter where you’re headed in any season, you should always have a paper map of the area to help navigate and understand the terrain that’s around you. Maps in apps like OnX Backcountry or Caltopo are useful, but should not be the only option, especially since phone batteries are less reliable in cold weather. Keep a waterproof paper map on hand.
Compass
A compass is another essential piece of gear for navigating in the backcountry. Many options, like the Suunto MC-2, also include an inclinometer to help judge slope angles, which is especially important for winter backcountry travel.
GPS Watch
What to look for: A GPS watch can be a useful tool to have on the trail and at camp. Consider one with a good battery life and features like an altimeter and navigation options
Our choice: Garmin Instinct 2 Solar
What we liked: Long battery life and great sport mode options
What we didn't like: Does not have topo maps
The Garmin Instinct 2 Solar is an excellent all-around GPS watch for most backcountry adventures. Its combo of battery life and features have made it a longstanding favorite among our testers. It includes an altimeter, barometer, compass, GPS navigation, and fitness tracking, all in a rugged and durable package. It's the overall winner in our Best Hiking and Backpacking Watch guide, Our in-depth, long-term review of this watch gets into the nitty gritty of why we love it so much.
GPS App
What to look for: GPS navigation is a helpful tool for traveling in the backcountry. Having an app that you can plan out trips in and download maps to before heading out is incredibly helpful.
Our choice: OnX Backcountry
What we liked: Easy plan routes and navigate
What we didn't like: Relies on phone battery
The OnX Backcountry app is a useful tool for trip planning and route finding in the backcountry. We’ve found it to be equally useful for backpacking trips and overnight winter ski touring adventures alike. The app requires a subscription, but allows you to download maps in different resolutions and save planned routes easily. This app also makes it easy to share your routes and trip plans with others on the trip, or emergency contacts back at home.
Satellite messenger/personal locator beacon
What to look for: A personal locator beacon is an essential piece of safety gear in the backcountry and is especially important in winter when bad weather can often dampen trip plans. Look for something that balances your needs with your budget, and something that’s light and packable enough for regular use.
Carrying a PLB is not always necessary, and though it does add a very helpful layer of safety and communication, whether or not you carry one is often up to personal preference. If you do decide to carry a PLB, remember that it is NOT an avalanche beacon (transceiver). These are two completely different pieces of gear with different purposes, and they are not interchangeable.
Our choice: Garmin InReach Mini 2
What we liked: Light, compact, good battery life
What we didn't like: Expensive plans
The Garmin InReach Mini 2 is one of the smallest and most portable options for a personal locator beacon out there that’s fully functional. Our favorite two-way satellite messenger, this device has a great battery life (up to 96 hours at 10-minute tracking) and all the essential functions, like emergency signaling and two-way communication in the backcountry. It's the overall winner in our Best Satellite Messenger and Personal Locator Beacons guide.
Personal hygiene and health
Toothbrush and toothpaste
While it may be tempting to save weight, don’t forgo essential personal care items like a toothbrush, especially for winter camping when sweet treats and hot, sugary drinks are devoured to help keep warm.
Hand sanitizer
While soap is generally the cleanest option for handwashing at camp, it can freeze. Keep some hand sanitizer on hand so you can clean your hands no matter how cold it gets.
Toilet paper / baby wipes
Don’t forget essential toiletries like toilet paper and wipes, and be sure you have the proper items to be able to pack them out, too, like a WAG bag or homemade Ziploc system.
Sanitation trowel or wag bag
When winter camping, your camp is often set in the snow. This means that if you bury your waste, it’ll only melt out in a nasty mess come spring. Instead of digging cat holes, pack wag bags to carry out your waste (or a groover bucket for trips with large groups). You can learn more in our guide to the Best Human Waste Bags and WAG Bags.
Sunscreen
Like sunglasses, sunscreen is crucial and should not be forgotten in winter. Sunburn on the face from the reflection on the snow is no joke. Pick an eco-friendly option with good ingredients, and be sure to apply in places like your neck and the underside of your nose, which commonly get burnt when traveling on snow. See our guides to Best Face Sunscreens and Best Body Sunscreens for more recommendations.
SPF-rated lip balm
Just like you want to keep your face from burning, you want to protect your lips, too. Opt for a lip balm that includes an SPF to protect against the sun.
First aid kit
A good first aid kit is an essential part of your gear list no matter the season. Pack the standard supplies, and consider extras like hand and toe warmers and additional insulation options like an emergency blanket for camping in the winter. If you’re venturing into more challenging terrain on skis or via mountaineering routes, a packable rescue sled, like this one from an indy gear maker can be crucial in the event of a rescue (you can also fashion your own on a budget with a tarp and straps).
Prescription medications
Be sure to pack in any necessary personal medications. Check with your medical professionals prior to your trip, because as we explain in our How to Prepare for a Thru-hike in a High Snow Year guide, some prescription medications cannot tolerate cold temperatures.
Other gear you might need
Knife or multi-tool
A knife or multitool is useful in any season and should be packed for winter camping, too. If you’ll be on skis, bring a tool that has the components for adjusting bindings on the fly.
Basic repair kit
Bring a repair kit that’s tailored to your specific needs. Consider things like tent pole splints and patches and duct tape for any winter camping. If you’ll be on skis, things like a scraper (for removing built-up snow from skins and ski bases, extra ski straps, and simple tools to adjust or repair boots and bindings are useful to have. With harsh conditions and freezing temps, broken gear in the backcountry is often more consequential in the winter than in the summer, making your repair kit that much more important.
Duct tape
You can never go wrong with duct tape! Pro tip: Wrap a length around your ski poles for convenience and easy carry, and that way, you always have it on hand.
Extra batteries
The cold can do a number on batteries, so be extra diligent to pack backups for your headlamp, beacon, and whatever other devices may need it.
Power bank
A power bank is also especially useful when winter camping to help recharge devices like a phone or PLB after long days out in the cold.
Lighters/waterproof matches
It’s a good idea to carry both lighters and waterproof matches with you to ensure you can light your stove or start a fire at camp. Especially in winter, it’s best to carry these items in a waterproof bag or container to prevent them from getting ruined by snow or moisture.
Whistle
A whistle can help to alert others in the event of an emergency. If you don’t have one attached to the straps on your backpack (many have this on the chest strap), pack one in an easy to access spot.
Disposable hand warmers
While it may require some extra space and weight in your pack, hand and toe warmers can be indispensable for winter camping to keep your digits happy. Just be sure to pack out any trash that they produce.
Quick tips for winter camping
Leave No Trace principles
Just like in any season, practice LNT principles when you’re out winter camping. One bonus to winter travel is that snow is considered a durable surface. But, you’ll want to take extra precautions like packing out all waste instead of digging cat holes to avoid a nasty spring melt.
Staying warm and dry
Staying warm and dry is essential if you want to enjoy your winter camping experience. Pack the appropriate layers and gear, and know when to take shelter to keep yourself safe and comfortable.
Campsite selection
Campsite selection is just as important in winter, though a little different. Pick a spot that makes it easy to stomp out a solid platform in the snow. Consider surrounding terrain and never camp in avalanche terrain or near runout areas of steep slopes. Additionally, avoid dead trees or areas that are particularly wet or damp. REI offers advice for selecting a campsite and setting up your tent in the winter.
Group camping considerations
If you’re winter camping in a group, consider some additional gear items to make the trip more enjoyable. A cook tent can be a great place to prepare meals and hang out as a group. You’ll also want ample fuel and camp cook gear. It’s also helpful to establish a specific bathroom area that is downslope and far away from the area where you’ll collect snow for water.
Note on avalanche safety
Exploring the backcountry in winter inevitably means that you have a high potential of encountering avalanche terrain. Be sure that you know the area you’re traveling in well in order to avoid avalanche terrain whenever possible. Take classes on avalanche safety and winter backcountry travel, be diligent about checking both the weather and avalanche forecasts, and always carry the appropriate safety gear, like a beacon, probe, and shovel.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR / WHY YOU SHOULD TRUST US
Stasia Stockwell is a lifelong skier and winter adventurer. She spent time working in Southeast Alaska as a backcountry guide, which often involved snow camping on mountaineering and ice climbing trips. As an avid backcountry skier, she now spends a great deal of time outside in winter, often on overnight adventures.
Stasia has been a freelance writer, editor, and gear tester in the outdoor industry for over a decade.
She’s written for 5280, Backpacker Magazine, REI Co-op Journal, and more, and is the managing editor of the print-only backpacking zine, Trails Magazine. You can find more of her writing, gear reviews, and adventures on her website.
